The Romans had built about 600 years after Moses.
The Romans had their origin in the union of robberies of people who lived and founded a city that was given in the next time the name of Rome. Their character was the looting.
man to improve his normal existence was trying to rob other men not only that provided by nature, but also the products obtained by manual intervention. The depredation
originated some drawbacks, however. The theft caused a reaction da parte di chi era privato di quanto possedeva e si creavano situazioni cruente, il cercare di privare altri uomini dei beni diventava pericoloso.
I romani adoperarono sovente la forza per conquistare gli altri popoli, la loro vera forza era però la trattativa e la mediazione. La cultura latina è una cultura di rapina, però il suo grande bagaglio fu la mediazione ed a questa forse ottenne maggiori risultati che con il gladio. La mediazione intesa come allargare ad altri la divisione del bottino. Quando si compie una rapina questa non viene mai fatta in nome di una religione ma in nome dei partecipanti. La rapina è fruttifera se partecipano tutti coloro che la possano agevolare. Meglio dividere qualcosa con altri che dividere niente in pochi. Questo è the cultural baggage left by the Latin world.
When the Roman culture and Jewish met, it became apparent the difference. The conquest of Israel by the Roman Empire occurred in 63 a. C.
mediation of the Romans was winning, not with the "eye for an eye" formed friends.
The Romans had many enemies, but their tolerance had many friends, more or less bought
among the ruling class Jews began to understand how the tolerance (ie mediation) and forgiveness could get more. This idea found some supporters and some an extreme radicalization. Mediation does not become lost as a complement to the relationship human but as time driving.
After 90 years of Roman occupation of the territories where the people also lived jew there was the preaching of Jesus These declared himself the son of God (God could not be declared because according to the Jews there is only one) and began to preach forgiveness altruism.
Jesus was of royal birth, of great ability and intelligence (see talks by mollifying the child with the priests of the temple) with his charisma and his supernatural gifts had a strong following among Jews. His teaching
alarmed the Jewish ruling class. It was not prepared for this new approach to religious and cultural, was afraid, if you start using the forgiveness and acceptance della prevaricazione altrui si incamminava sulla strada di diminuire le proprie difese.
Il nuovo credo poteva avere un risvolto dirompente in quanto era agli antipodi del credo religioso fino ad allora predicato. Il nuovo credo era estremista (come tutte le idee rivoluzionarie) ma con i dovuti accorgimenti avrebbe potuto dare una copertura, anche parziale, ad un modo comportamentale necessario nel mondo creato dall’impero romano.
I romani avevano dimostrato come l’integralismo non era più sufficiente a salvare un popolo. Gli ebrei erano condizionati e prigionieri della loro convinzione religiosa di essere il popolo eletto, non per merito proprio ma per essere il popolo dell’unico vero Dio esistente.
Il potere ebraico fu assalito dalla paura e fece uccidere Gesù. e grazie all’aiuto dei romani.
Gesù predicò solo al popolo ebreo perché riteneva come il messaggio basato sul Dio unico non potesse essere capito dagli altri popoli. Inoltre la sua predicazione serviva solo a mitigare una impostazione culturale del popolo ebreo, situazione non ripetibile negli altri popoli
I seguaci di Gesù, dopo la sua morte, continuarono a predicare il nuovo concetto. Non si può vivere isolati dagli altri popoli culturalmente trincerati dalla sicurezza di essere i figli prediletti dell’unico Dio.
Tra i primi persecutori di questo nuovo credo vi era Paolo, questi era un ebreo di bassa statura con un genitore romano. I problemi della sua statura e di essere per metà ebreo e per metà romano gli davano una forte carica psicologica, questa spiega il suo cambiamento repentino da persecutore a diffusore del nuovo credo di Gesù.
Gli ebrei erano freddi verso il nuovo insegnamento, anche perché presentava il fianco a molte critiche. Perdonare a chi ti fa del male può al principio apparire un metodo contrario alla sopravvivenza della natura della vita.
Paolo incominciò a predicare anche ai non credenti nel monoteismo ossia adoranti un loro Dio, tollerando chi seguiva gli altri, senza considerarsi diversi o superiori per questioni religiose.
La superiorità in tutti i popoli viene suffragata dalla possanza, dalla forza, dalla ricchezza, dal numero ma mai nessuno si sentiva superiore perché era servo di un Dio.
L’insegnamento della predicazione del Cristianesimo verso i non monoteisti sviluppò maggiormente alcune tematiche. Il concetto che Dio potesse essere figlio creava un nuovo tipo di deificazione. L’uomo non più deificato per captazione ma per discendenza. Assurgeva nell’immaginario degli uomini di essere figli di Dio e pertanto tutti uguali perché aventi i medesimi diritti per nascita.
L’impero romano perseguitò i cristiani, anche se per motivi diversi della persecuzione ebraica. Le persecuzioni erano giustificate in quanto i cristiani non accettavano la divinità dell’imperatore. Questa scusante era ridicola perché anche gli ebrei non sacrificavano all’imperatore eppure non erano perseguitati.
La vera ragione della colpa dei cristiani era perché predicavano il perdono delle ingiustizie, delle offese e delle prevaricazioni in quanto il prossimo era un fratello perché gli uomini sono tutti figli di Dio.
Ma se gli uomini sono tutti figli di Dio, ossia fratelli, la schiavitù non poteva esistere. Se non era più accettato il concetto di schiavitù saltava tutto il sistema economico, specialmente nella penisola italica dove il lavoro era svolto da centinaia di migliaia di schiavi.
Nel 91 a.C. la città di Corfinium venne nominata capitale federale di tutti i popoli italici della penisola (eccetto l’Etruria e l’Umbria) ribellatisi a Roma perché stufi di essere spremuti con le tasse e le leve military. This confederation was crushed by a massacre of the entire peninsula and the promise of giving Roman citizenship to those who had not revolted and swore allegiance to Rome. This
to divide and conquer silenced the Italian people who now do not create wealth, which was procured by an immense number of slaves. The Italian peninsula regurgitated
of slaves and in 136 BC, a Syrian, Euno, had led a revolt in Sicily, involving about two hundred thousand slaves, after having massacred the people of Enna and Agrigento, was defeated and taken prisoner with seventy thousand rebels. No punishment was not more than twenty thousand slaves killed in battle, because at that time the slaves had a great value and sorry suffer an economic loss by their death. Following
slaves increased in number dizzy and dropped their price, the market traded at Delphi is a day thousands of slaves.
In 73 BC, Spartacus, began a revolt and launched an appeal to the millions of slaves settled in the peninsula and head of a huge army defeated the legions of Rome, his forces were divided, one was overtaken in the south of the peninsula while Spartacus defeated three armies, went to Padania and returned to Lucania was defeated.
architects of this victory were two Roman general Pompey and Crassus. From this act the story begins today. In order to avoid future riots gave you an example as a deterrent. The price of slaves had fallen so all the survivors of Spartacus companions were executed, hanged, crucified, crippled and tied to trees along the Appian Way. This slaughter was traumatic and essentially put an end to any initiative of rebellion, since then the slaves followed other lines are not cruel to find freedom.
This makes it understandable why Paul's preaching was very successful in the Italian peninsula.
peoples, not of slaves were culturally the concept of freedom and it was not necessary to embrace a belief so as embracing monotheism, but for the millions of slaves Italic Christianity was a new way to search for physical freedom at the expense of freedom of the soul.
The Roman Empire became increasingly expanded his power on the agreement and supporting mediation. After the monarchic period in Rome, the command was given to two elected consuls. This will satisfy the two factions that could divide the electorate in Rome. The consuls were elected each year to give way to many to get to meet the ambition of the command. The duration of one year did not allow you to create the mindset of the policy in question sets a profession. But the Roman
votes had created a serious problem over the centuries, the vote in exchange for benefits. The Romans were selling their votes, needed to be elected to go for the world to steal through the conquest; return to Rome and use the wealth to buy the votes of citizens. The duration of one year of power could not afford to steal the amount spent to buy votes.
A democracy can not exist if those elected do not have time to steal what they spent to get the votes.
Having tamed the slave revolt of Spartacus by Crassus and Pompey, they rose to great power and popularity.
The encounter with the culture of the peoples of the east taught the Romans the concept of total power held by one man.
Democratic politics Roman implemented until 70 BC did not allow the management of power, even for those possibly in good faith.
From Pompey, following the mentality of the mediation, was born the first Triumvirate, it was the consensus of three people to handle the power. The management of the power of an entity so vast as the Roman Empire was only possible through people with proven capabilities. In the first period, the triumvirate win the exploitation of lands to conquer, then in 52 BC Pompey was appointed sole consul.
But the thirst for power by those in charge of armies can not handle the vote. The reason was that you could not steal the entire Mediterranean to buy the consents.
On 10 January 49 BC Julius Caesar crossing the Rubicon, he took the following decision: if the power was based on wealth by force to pay grades, he might as well use force to gain power directly and skip the step of voting the Romans.
was born on that day the Roman Empire and authority personified by the emperor.
In principle, not to traumatize the people, the successors of Caesar had the power of tribune for life, he created the so-called principality under Caligula, transforming it into a Hellenistic-style monarchy with a consequent deification of the emperor East Roman emperors
not elected by the people had to seek legitimacy to their power. It is copied from the east where the sovereign held power from God, indeed it was established that the Emperor was himself a god.
Pompey laid the foundations of the Roman Empire and unintentionally put too religious grounds the legitimacy of the emperors.
According to Plutarch Pompey, 67 a. C., captured some Cilician pirates and brought them to Rome the cult of the god Mithras. This was of Indo-Iranian deity, in the dualism of Eastern religions Mithra was the god who helped the good to fight evil. As early as 400 a. C. the god Mithras was invoked by the emperor Cyrus. This God was assimilated to the idea of \u200b\u200bmilitary Sol Invictus, the cult had a great expansion in Rome. Nero did start to the mysteries of Mithras, the Roman legions from Asia Minor helped to spread the religion. The cult of the god Mithras was successful especially in the military and expanded until in Brittania. Since 200 AD C. this became the dominant religion in the Roman Empire.
The god Mithras was identified with the Sun, according to the preaching, slaying a bull and the blood of life is born, the close of the sacrifice he gave to immortality. The expectation of immortality, after the end of the world, was an essential component of Mithraism. The faithful were started in seven grades, corresponding to the planets. The cult
originally took place in natural caves and later in those sanctuaries mitrei. The symbolic significance of the place is quite clear, the sun, or the God Mithras, seemed to sink into the sunset in the mountains and this seemed to rise in the morning. The Sun, according to the religion Mitrea, rested overnight in a cave. The
mitrei were later built in stone, but always remember the characteristics of natural caves. The sacred rites involved a banquet at the end and they kill animals for meat, we ate bread and drank wine and water.
features initiatory religion, wealth and complexity of the doctrine, the ideas of salvation and immortality were the impetus to the spread reached its peak in 300 AD C. This religion came from the east where the power of the monarch was not from the consent of the people but it was the deity to legalize the power. Mostly
God was powerful, revered and worshiped the greater the empowerment. If God was all-encompassing power of the monarch was absolute.
But if the power was done by God, the question arises in the polytheistic system: what God has the right to grant the power? In Rome there were hundreds of gods. The religion of the god Mithras was the best position to unify the worship of the Roman people.
The god Mithra had the credentials to be considered unique because it represented the Sun, that all religion reduced to the struggle of good against evil and, consequently, the faithful were always on the side of good.
Immortality was a huge reward for the faithful and had no cost for those who preached, because it was given after death when no one could return to claim the maintenance of the pacts. The army, the officials realized the mighty power of this belief in mass and embraced this religion.
The religion of the god Mithras, becoming religion of the empire, claims the right to be the repository of power. It alone had the final opportunity to proclaim the divinity of the emperor, was the guarantee imperial absolutism. Consequently, the emperors and the equipment of power supported the priesthood of the god Mithras.
Absolute power is fed alone. The power of imperial wealth lavished on the priesthood of the god Mithras, with the construction of mitrei.
With the advent of this impostazione religiosa derivante dall’oriente, la cultura latina fece un salto di qualità, e si cercò di instaurare una sola religione con un solo Dio.
Il centralismo religioso è la base indispensabile per il centralismo del potere.
Però per mantenere il potere atto alla conquista ed allo sfruttamento degli altri popoli era necessaria la forza, questa si esprimeva con uomini armati. Se i territori da governare sono immensi occorrono tanti armati rispetto al numero dei componenti del popolo dominante. Un esercito comporta sempre dei problemi in quanto non tutti hanno la voglia di immergersi nella vita militare.
Le generazioni di persone nate in società usufruenti, anche di riflesso, del benessere derivante dalla depredazione to other people, accustomed not to be gained by the tranquility attacks are reluctant to join the military. So Rome had to turn to men of other nations to train their armies, so the army was to diminish the spirit of sacrifice of the hexoses and increased the compensation required for military service.
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